PUBLISHED DATE: 2025-08-14 07:02:58

Demystifying Composable Commerce

Contents


What is Composable Commerce?

Composable commerce is a modular approach to digital commerce using composable technology architecture. It employs MACH (microservices-based, API-first, cloud-native SaaS, and headless) technology solutions for individual, distinct business needs, rather than relying on a single, all-encompassing technology vendor or software.

Composable commerce allows retailers to easily create new online buying channels and experiences based on constantly changing consumer needs. Businesses can use a composable commerce strategy to create distinctive digital experiences by fusing different technologies that match the objectives and mission of their organization. Marketers can pick and choose new business capabilities through purposeful prioritization. Composable commerce adapts to ever-changing market dynamics, rather than using a rigid, one-size-fits-all e-commerce functionality.

The Core Principles of Composable Commerce

  1. Business-Centric: Enables rapid response to changing business requirements, leading to fewer unintended changes, at a lower cost, and with more possibilities for innovation.
  2. Flexible: Retailers can utilize the most contemporary commerce technologies and methodologies. Technologies like microservices, APIs, the cloud, headless architecture, and Jamstack all enable a composable commerce practice.
  3. Modular: Business capabilities can be plugged in or out based on specific business needs.
  4. Open Standards: Without vendor lock-in, apps can easily be linked or replaced within the commerce ecosystem.

What is MACH Technology?

MACH stands for Microservices, API-first, Cloud-native, and Headless.

Experience orchestration is achieved through APIs, connecting CMS, search, payments, DAM, commerce, and web services.


Composable Commerce vs. Headless Commerce

You may have heard the term "headless commerce" used to describe a flexible approach to technology architecture. Although headless commerce and composable commerce are often used interchangeably, there are significant differences between the two.

Composable Commerce involves a modular architecture where the storefront, front-end, and APIs connect to best-of-breed services such as search, content management, commerce, and merchandising. Each component can be selected and integrated based on business needs.

Headless Commerce decouples the front-end from the back-end, allowing for flexibility in customer data platforms, content management, merchandising, geolocation, marketing, personalization, SEO, AI-based dynamic ranking, and more, all connected via APIs. However, it may not offer the same level of modularity and business-centric customization as composable commerce.


Composable Commerce for Retailers

Gartner predicts firms that adopt composable commerce will outperform competition on implementation speed by 80%. But what else can composable commerce help solve in the retail industry?

Retailers Using Monolithic Commerce Stacks Are Currently Facing These Issues:

  1. Customization is Difficult: When companies encounter new or unique requirements that their traditional technology stack can’t address, they often seek out composable commerce. Composable commerce enables a completely customizable technology ecosystem, while monolithic platforms often have more rigid requirements.
  2. Total Cost of Ownership is High: Retailers often find that switching to composable commerce saves money, because monolithic platform vendors charge more for advanced customizations. Although a composable platform won’t always be less expensive, it’s overall more economical to scale and change.
  3. Competitive Differentiation is Not Achievable: Retailers bound by monolithic technology platforms can’t provide unique commerce experiences, because they’re limited by the available features offered by the same popular vendors. Businesses that adopt composable commerce can experiment and scale in new ways.
  4. Operations Are Too Complex: With a monolithic stack, business and IT functions are often arranged in one large team that’s slow in launching new features. Any updates and changes affect the entire front-end and back-end technology stack, increasing time-to-market.

Retailers that adopt composable commerce, powered by MACH technology, find they can be more agile in an increasingly competitive e-commerce environment.

For Example:

An e-commerce company wishes to launch a subscription service. Best-of-breed automated recurring billing, sophisticated invoicing, and other functions required to run a subscription business can’t be added to their existing monolithic technology stack. If this company utilized a composable technology strategy, they could pick and choose several best-of-breed microservices to create a unique subscription service PBC (Packaged Business Capability) for their customers. The company could maintain and scale the service by assembling an agile pod team around the new PBC.


Composable Commerce for Consumers, Merchants, Marketers, and Developers


What Does Composable Commerce Architecture Look Like in Practice?

The legacy, monolithic architecture of many retailers has reached a stage where it is prohibitively expensive to add new features or even upgrade existing software. A composable commerce platform allows retailers to integrate and configure new services.

How Front-End and Back-End Architecture Are Decoupled from Core Commerce Capabilities

Decoupling the front-end architecture enables headless commerce, giving the business the flexibility to deliver personalized customer experiences at scale across multiple touchpoints through new technology.

With a composable commerce architecture, the back-end capabilities are also decoupled from core commerce, which allows PBCs to be supported through third-party vendor solutions integrated through MACH technologies.

Not only does composable commerce help retailers differentiate their offerings from competitors, it benefits consumers and key team members across the end-to-end retail experience.

Composable Commerce Architecture Components:


Two Different Methods to Launching Composable Commerce

To transition from a monolithic commerce practice to composable commerce, companies must evaluate their immediate needs. For certain brands, their transition may require a “full replacement” strategy that involves a total commerce re-platform and global digital re-launch. Others may take a more gradual, progressive approach to composable commerce. There are key advantages and disadvantages to each method.

All-in-One Approach

The Full Replacement Method: Replacing the Legacy System and Rebuilding from Scratch

With this method, companies disassemble the entire system and start over from scratch. Full replacement is perfect for companies experiencing significant consequences where the drawbacks can no longer be ignored. This method costs more upfront but becomes more efficient and economically viable over time.

The Progress Strategy Method: Composable + Monolith

Gradual Approach


Conclusion

Consumers are interacting with retailers more than ever before, and they expect their favorite companies to engage with them in new and exciting ways. To deliver personalized e-commerce experiences at scale, retailers need to embrace flexibility, and that starts with the underlying technology.

Before implementing composable commerce, companies should understand their business requirements, internal and external development capabilities, and the potential risks and rewards for their technology stack.

Learn how Publicis Sapient helps top global retailers transition to composable commerce.


Author

Raj Khandelwal

raj.khandelwal@publicissapient.com


About Publicis Sapient

Publicis Sapient is a digital transformation partner helping established organizations get to their future, digitally-enabled state, both in the way they work and the way they serve their customers. We help unlock value through a startup mindset and modern methods, fusing strategy, consulting, and customer experience with agile engineering and problem-solving creativity. A digital pioneer with 20,000 people and 53 offices around the globe, our experience spanning technology, data sciences, consulting, and customer obsession—combined with our culture of curiosity and relentlessness—enables us to accelerate our clients’ businesses through designing the products and services their customers truly value. Publicis Sapient is the digital business transformation hub of Publicis Groupe. For more information, visit publicissapient.com.