PUBLISHED DATE: 2026-11-05 04:04:59

HFS Horizons Report

Generative Enterprise™ Services, 2023
October 2023

Authors:

Phil Fersht, CEO and Chief Analyst
David Cushman, Executive Research Leader
Niti Jhunjhunwala, Senior Analyst

“People are excited by the potential impact of GenAI on their lives—both their work and their personal experiences. They want to know how they can be better than they are and how to make others around them better. They want to know how to keep enriching their experiences because of the promise of GenAI.”

Phil Fersht
CEO and Chief Analyst, HFS Research

Contents

  1. Introduction, the HFS value chain, and market dynamics
  2. Research methodology
  3. Demographics and customer and partner data
  4. Horizons results: Generative Enterprise™ services, 2023
  5. Publicis Sapient profile: Generative Enterprise™ services, 2023
  6. Further reading
  7. HFS Research authors

1. Introduction, the HFS value chain, and market dynamics

Introduction

Executive summary

  1. The generative AI gold rush is on in pursuit of a $7 trillion prize
    We’ve never seen a technology adopted so quickly. Generative AI’s (GenAI) poster child, ChatGPT, reached 100 million users in two months. RPA took more than a decade to reach 15 million. Every boardroom is asking every CEO, “What are you doing with GenAI?” This bottom-up and top-down demand and the promise of a $7 trillion prize has prompted a gold rush among service providers as they hurry to organize and claim a piece of the action. In a matter of months, leading systems integrators and consultancies have conjured up new practices, divisions, platforms, and partnerships. They are scaling up, investing billions, training thousands of people, and recruiting thousands more—and this journey is only just beginning.
  2. Point solutions dominate, but this is not where we will end up
    Already, we are witnessing a rapid diversion of AI budgets to GenAI projects. On average, this stands at 41% across the enterprises surveyed for this report, but we expect that to grow as enterprises move beyond their initial point solutions in POCs and pilots. Most are solving specific tasks. And as the next cycle of budget-making begins, we expect budgets to scale up to take GenAI deeper into end-to-end processes, shaping new ways of working. The next step will be harder but more rewarding, and if it doesn’t happen, there are going to be a lot of red faces among service provider leaders, many of whom have gone all-in on GenAI.
  3. The disruption is coming first and fastest to CX, EX, and sales and marketing
    As part of our research for this report, we asked enterprise leaders the functions they are prioritizing for the application of GenAI. Customer experience (CX), employee experience (EX), and sales and marketing lead the way. This chimes with the case studies shared by service providers. Transforming code has been touted as a leading use case by many service providers, and it features prominently in their own internal use and in services they offer. But, in our own research, it has only appeared in around 10% of the case studies we’ve seen. A key thing to note regarding case studies to date is that many are proofs of concept and pilots, and few are coming with an ROI. At this stage in development, most enterprises are happy to see softer measures such as time-to-serve, CSAT, or time-to-market.
  4. Knowing the tech is one thing; helping to transform with it is quite another
    Customers see a gap between how well their service providers deliver on tech implementation compared with their ability to transform business. It’s an important gap as enterprises seek help on their journey to the Generative Enterprise beyond the initial point solutions. Knowing the tech is one thing; helping transform ways of working because of the tech is another altogether. We think this gap will close as many service providers are going all-in on GenAI, focusing on proving the effectiveness of applying GenAI to their own ways of working first. The lessons they learn through self-transformation will give them the credentials to help enterprises shape their journeys.
  5. This revolution is personal, and you need to get down and dirty with it
    Using GenAI tools is where your personal experience and understanding begin. This is your due diligence. The journey to the HFS Research Generative Enterprise is not easy, but it starts with your understanding. Leaders need to develop their GenAI muscle memory to begin seeing the future through today’s technology rather than persisting with a view constructed on their experience and knowledge of the technology of the past.

The new S-curve

An inflection point for the IT and business services industry

Enterprises expect EX, CX, innovation, and productivity wins

Q: How do you expect GenAI to impact company business economics over the next 12–18 months?
Sample: October 2023, 104 enterprises actively exploring and deploying GenAI across the Global 2000
Source: HFS Research, 2023

The Generative Enterprise inspires a new S-curve of value creation

The IT and business services industry is at an inflection point of jumping to a new S-curve of value creation.

Value creation over time:
The global enterprise (people driven)
The Generative Enterprise™ (AI driven)
Timeline: 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025

End consumers’ ultra-rapid adoption of GenAI technologies drives business-to-business adoption

Road to 100 million users for various platforms:
The pressure is on enterprise leaders to join the GenAI rush. That pressure comes from shareholders and boardrooms, but there is also bottom-up pressure as millions of employees now have a taste of what AI can do for them through the access point of ChatGPT and other consumer-facing applications.

Number of users over time (RPA versus ChatGPT):
Source: Publicly available information, HFS estimates

Rapid consumer adoption makes GenAI a different disruption

Q: GenAI is drastically different from other recent technological disruptions (e.g., RPA, blockchain, metaverse, NFTs) because…
Sample: October 2023, 104 enterprises actively exploring and deploying GenAI across the Global 2000
Source: HFS Research, 2023

Enterprise-grade and governed GenAI can transform the services that IT and business services can provide in this healthcare example

Near term / Longer term

Health insurance value chain
Healthcare provider value chain

Leaders expect customer ops to create very high value in next 18 months

Q: Select the top three business functions where GenAI will create very high value over the next 12–18 months.
Sample: October 2023, 104 enterprises actively exploring and deploying GenAI across the Global 2000
Source: HFS Research, 2023

Top three essential—yet lacking—skills for success in GenAI

Q: Select the top three skills workers need to succeed, but lack, when using GenAI in the next 12–18 months.
Sample: October 2023, 104 enterprises actively exploring and deploying GenAI across the Global 2000
Source: HFS Research, 2023

The Generative Enterprise can successfully manage the Digital Dichotomy, balancing the macroeconomic Slowdown with the Big Hurry to innovate

Cost savings are important but no longer sufficient to keep most leaders in their jobs. Minimizing costs to a desired level is one ceiling of achievement, but ambitious enterprise C-suites must keep striving for new sources of value to stay competitive. Investment in Generative Enterprise opportunities offers the chance to bridge the gap.

The Slowdown
The Big Hurry
Both things are true.

Savings → Generative Enterprise™ → Investments

Access to increasingly private data sets holds the key to redefining ecosystems, ways of working, and the value delivered

Trust between data owners will control the value that maturing GenAI and AI will deliver.

Data sources vs. Generative AI maturity

Data sources:
Horizons:
Generative AI maturity:

GenAI could impact more than just productivity

HFS Enterprise Innovation Framework
Current innovation focus vs. Expected innovation focus in 2 years

Horizon 3: OneEcosystem™
Collaboration across multiple organizations with common objectives around driving completely new sources of value
Horizon 2: OneOffice™
End-to-end organizational alignment across front, middle, and back offices to drive unmatched stakeholder experience
Horizon 1: Functional digital
Digitally optimized processes to drive superior business outcomes

Impact of GenAI across the three Horizons of enterprise innovation

Horizon 3: OneEcosystem
Redefine ecosystems and change ways of working
Horizon 2: OneOffice
Optimize enterprise value chains to drive superior experience
Horizon 1: Functional digital
Additional 30%–70% productivity in operational IT and business scope
New offerings to build, deploy, and manage large language models

Sample: 602 executives across Global 2000 enterprises
Source: HFS Research, 2022

The role of data, OneOffice, and OneEcosystem in how GenAI will impact the enterprise beyond productivity

Horizon 1: Functional digital
Stage 1: Dots
Point solutions
Stage 2: Lines
Process solutions
Horizon 2: OneOffice™
Stage 3: Circles
Enterprise solutions
Horizon 3: OneEcosystem™
Stage 4: Venns
Industry solutions

An entire ecosystem around GenAI is unfolding right before our eyes

Apps
Consumer uses
Enterprise stack
Industry verticals
Enterprise applications

Infrastructure
Source: HFS Research, Sequoia, 2023

The enterprise journey may be uncomfortable—10 reasons why

“While the promise of GenAI for enterprises is immense, it is too early to celebrate. I think this is not a slam dunk, and it will be an uncomfortable journey. Doing nothing is not the answer, but we need to embrace it with our eyes wide open!”

Saurabh Gupta
President, Research and advisory
  1. Most GenAI examples are not enterprise-centric, and only a handful of projects have reached production.
  2. There is an arms race to build our foundational models with the crazy influx of capital. If the bubble bursts, the technology will be blamed.
  3. More power is getting concentrated with hyperscalers. Enterprises are already frustrated with the oligopoly.
  4. A brand-new ecosystem including Nvidia, Databricks, and start-ups is emerging. Enterprises don’t know how to navigate this.
  5. Governance and integration will be key. Most data privacy laws are trying to block a black-box approach. Major legislation is looming, including the US AI Bill of Rights and the EU AI liability directive. Litigation is kicking in.
  6. The FTC has opened an investigation into ChatGPT-maker OpenAI over potential harm it could cause and the company’s security practices.
  7. Most GenAI use cases use public data. Getting enterprises to share private data will be challenging.
  8. The singular focus on productivity is misleading.
  9. Technology is continuing to evolve very rapidly, but enterprises are still struggling to adopt cloud!
  10. The debate around AI’s carbon footprint is just getting started.

2. Research methodology

Service providers covered in this report

Note: All service providers are listed alphabetically.

Generative Enterprise services value chain (scope of services)

Training and education
Innovation
Consulting
Engineering
Technology management
Organizational change

The emerging Generative Enterprise technology ecosystem consists of many suppliers unknown to the enterprise a year ago

Apps / Models / Infrastructure

End-to-end apps
End-user-facing applications with proprietary models
Examples: ChatGPT, Google Workspace, DALL·E, Midjourney, Runway

Apps (text, code generation, speech, image, video, 3D models, audio, and music)
End-user-facing B2B and B2C applications without proprietary models
Examples: Jasper.ai, GitHub Copilot, Replit, Pictory.ai

Closed-source foundation models
Large-scale, pre-trained models exposed via APIs
Examples: GPT-3 and GPT-4 (OpenAI), PaLM and LaMDA (Google), LLaMA and Galactica (Meta), Chinchilla AI (DeepMind), Megatron-Turing NLG (Nvidia)

Model hubs
Platforms to share and host models
Examples: Hugging Face, Replicate

Open-source foundation models
Models released as trained weights
Examples: Stable Diffusion (Stability)

Cloud and data platforms
Examples: AWS, GCP, Azure, Databricks, Coreweave

Compute hardware
Accelerator chips optimized for model training and inference workloads
Examples: GPUs (Nvidia), TPUs (Google)

Source: Andreessen Horowitz (known as "a16z") and HFS Research

Sources of data

This report relied on a myriad of data sources to support our methodology and help us obtain a well-rounded perspective on Generative Enterprise service providers in our study. Sources are as follows:

RFIs and briefings
Reference checks
HFS vendor ratings
Other data sources

Assessment methodology

The HFS Horizons: Generative Enterprise Services, 2023 report evaluates the capabilities of providers to understand the Why, What, How, and So What of their Generative Enterprise services offering. Our assessment is based on inputs from clients and partners and augmented with analyst perspectives.

Assessment dimension: Value proposition — The Why? (25%)
Assessment sub-dimensions (briefing questions):
Distinguishing supplier characteristics
Horizon 1 service providers
Horizon 2 service providers
Horizon 3 service providers
Assessment dimension: Execution and innovation capabilities — The What? (25%)
Assessment sub-dimensions (briefing questions):
Distinguishing supplier characteristics
Horizon 1 service providers
Horizon 2 service providers
Horizon 3 service providers
Assessment dimension: Go-to-market strategy — The How? (25%)
Assessment sub-dimensions (briefing questions):
Distinguishing supplier characteristics
Horizon 1 service providers
Horizon 2 service providers
Horizon 3 service providers
Assessment dimension: Market impact — The So What? (25%)
Assessment sub-dimensions (briefing questions):
Distinguishing supplier characteristics
Horizon 1 service providers
Horizon 2 service providers
Horizon 3 service providers

3. Demographics and customer and partner data

The average shift in spending from AI to GenAI is already 41%

Proportion of AI spending shifted to GenAI since 2023
Sample: 31 customer references provided as part of the survey for this report
Source: HFS Research, 2023

Service providers deliver on tech—less so on business change

Customer view: Gap between tech and transformation capabilities
Provider capabilities
Customer ratings of service providers—average out of 10
We asked 31 customer references to score their Generative Enterprise service providers on a scale of 1 to 10.
Sample: 31 customer references provided as part of the survey for this report
Source: HFS Research, 2023

Partners see service providers through rose-tinted glasses

Customer view of what service providers best deliver
Provider capabilities
Customer ratings of service providers—average out of 10
Partner view of what service providers best deliver
Provider capabilities
Partner ratings of service providers—average out of 10
Sample: 47 GenAI partners and 31 customer references provided as part of the survey for this report
Source: HFS Research, 2023

Partners and customers call out service provider talent issue

Customer ratings of service providers for delivery capabilities
Provider capabilities
Customer ratings of service providers—average out of 10
Partner ratings of their service provider partners
Provider capabilities
Partner ratings of service providers—average out of 10
Sample: 47 GenAI partners and 31 customer references provided as part of the survey for this report
Source: HFS Research, 2023

Survey demographics (enterprise customer respondents)

Customer geographic split:
Primary focus of current role:
Business or IT focus:
Sample: 31 customer references provided as part of the survey for this report
Source: HFS Research, 2023

4. Horizons results: Generative Enterprise™ services, 2023

HFS Horizons—summary of Generative Enterprise service providers assessed in this report (1/2)

HFS Horizons—summary of Generative Enterprise service providers assessed in this report (2/2)

HFS Horizons for Generative Enterprise Services, 2023

Horizon 3 market leaders enable the Generative Enterprise by leveraging AI to generate new ideas to redefine how work gets done.

Horizon 3 service providers demonstrate:
Horizon 2 enterprise innovators enable the OneOffice by leveraging AI to improve decision making and driving unmatched stakeholder experience.

Horizon 2 service providers demonstrate:
Horizon 1 Disruptors drive digital transformation by leveraging AI to drive predictive functional insights.

Horizon 1 service providers demonstrate:
Note: All service providers within a “Horizon” are listed alphabetically.

Providers shown in the Horizons graphic:
Horizon 3 – Market Leaders
Horizon 2 – Enterprise Innovators
Horizon 1 – Disruptors

5. Publicis Sapient profile: Generative Enterprise™ services, 2023

Publicis Sapient: GenAI walks hand in hand with digital business transformation to amplify value for CX and EX

Horizon 3 – Market Leader
Horizon 2 – Enterprise Innovator
Horizon 1 – Disruptor

Strengths

Development opportunities

Key offerings

Mergers and acquisitions (2019–2023)

Partnerships

Key clients

Number of clients: Not disclosed
Key clients:

Relevant global operations and resources

Flagship internal IP

6. Further reading

Primers, advice, and guidance for the new world of GenAI

GenAI is very new to most enterprise leaders. In this report, you may read references to terms such as large language models (LLM), fine-tuning, prompt engineering, and other language that has only recently broken out of the AI lab. The HFS Points of View articles below provide primers and additional advice and guidance. Click each to read in full.

Titles shown:

Primers, advice, and guidance for new world of GenAI

Click each image below to read in full.

Titles shown:

You and your teams should be using GenAI daily

Click each image below to read in full. Click the image on the far right to try HFS’ LLM.

Titles shown:

7. HFS Research authors

Phil Fersht, CEO and Chief Analyst, HFS

Phil Fersht is widely recognized as the world's leading industry analyst focused on the reinvention of business operations to exploit technological innovations and the globalization of talent.

He identifies change agents that enable organizations to streamline digital operations, access rapid and critical data to base decisions, and exploit the increasingly available global base of talent. He coined the term “Generative Enterprise™” in 2023 to articulate the pursuit of AI technologies based on large language models (LLMs) and ChatGPT to reap huge business benefits to organizations in terms of continuously generating new ideas, redefining how work gets done, and disrupting business models steeped in decades of antiquated processes and technology.

He has a global reputation spanning more than two decades for calling out the big trends, being unafraid to share his honest views, and driving a narrative on the technology and business services industries that shape many leadership decisions. His reputation drove him to establish HFS Research in 2010, which has today grown into one of the leading industry analyst and advisory firms and the undisputed leader in IT business services and process technologies research.

In 2012, he authored the first analyst report on robotic process automation (RPA), introducing this topic to the industry. He is widely recognized as the pioneering analyst voice that created and inspired today’s RPA and process AI industry. Fersht coined the term "OneOffice™" in 2016 to describe HFS Research's vision for future business operations amidst the impact of cloud, automation, AI, and disruptive digital business models. OneOffice is the foundation of the hybrid (virtual-physical) workforce, where automation and AI tools augment the employees’ digital capabilities and the workplace becomes a plug-and-play, work-from-anywhere scenario. Silos between the front, middle, and back offices are collapsed into a single office, where all employees are empowered and motivated by common outcomes and common values.

Prior to founding HFS in 2010, Phil has held various analyst roles for Gartner (AMR) and IDC and was BPO Marketplace leader for Deloitte Consulting across the United States. Over the past 20 years, Fersht has lived and worked in Europe, North America, and Asia, where he has advised on hundreds of operations strategy, outsourcing, and global business services engagements.

David Cushman, Exec Research Leader, HFS

David leads our Emerging Technology Practice, tracking OneOffice™ and OneEcosystem™ enablers from automation and AI, data and design thinking, process orchestration, workflow, and intelligence, metaverse, and Web3. He also engages in the impact of technology on how we work and on our employee experience.

David leads our HFS Hot Vendors program, too. Experienced in start-up, scale-up, and large-scale digital transformation programs, he has led digital development at the UK’s fastest-growing media company, founded and grown digital consultancies across Europe and worked with world-class companies as a director in digital strategy advisory at a tier-1 services provider.

He is the author of The 10 Principles of Open Business (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), and he holds a joint honors degree in Philosophy and Sociology from the University of Essex.

David lives in Cambridgeshire, UK, with his wife and daughter, and he enjoys reading, writing, traveling, and thinking (exploration of all kinds). He embraces change and always seeks the learning opportunity. But, for all that, he has supported Leeds United Football Club since he was seven years old. Some things just can't be unlearned.

HFS Research authors

Saurabh Gupta
President, Research and advisory
saurabh.gupta@hfsresearch.com

Saurabh Gupta is President, Research and Advisory Services at HFS. He sets the strategic research focus and agenda for HFS Research, understanding and predicting the needs of the industry and ensuring that HFS maintains its position as the strongest impact thought leader for business operations and services research. He oversees HFS' global research function managing the global team of analysts and operations across US, Europe, and Asia.

Niti Jhunjhunwala
Senior Analyst
niti@hfsresearch.com

Niti is a senior analyst at HFS Research. She works on competitive intelligence across IT and business process services. She joined us with more than six years of experience in market research. She holds an MBA degree specializing in Finance and Marketing and B.Tech in Information Technology. She is based out of Kolkata. In her spare time, she loves reading, travelling, and going for walks. On weekends she enjoys painting, spending time with her nephew and binge-watching series on Netflix.

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